What is an active ingredient?

An active ingredient refers to a substance within a product that is responsible for delivering specific therapeutic or physiological effects on the skin or body. In the context of skincare and cosmetics, active ingredients are formulated to provide benefits—such as anti-aging effects, acne treatment, hydration, or sun protection—by causing changes at a cellular or biochemical level.

For instance, ingredients like retinoids or salicylic acid alter skin cell behavior to improve conditions like acne or signs of aging. These substances are carefully selected for their efficacy and ability to interact with skin physiology.

Other components, like colorants or fragrances, do not serve this functional role in skincare products. They may enhance the cosmetic appeal or sensory experience of a product, but they do not contribute to its therapeutic actions on the skin. Likewise, preservatives are important for maintaining product stability and safety by preventing microbial growth, but they do not impart active physiological benefits to the skin.